Skip to main content

Official websites use .gov

A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS

A lock () or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Nonresidential Building Fire Dollar-Loss Causes (2014-2023)

  • Share on:

National estimates

The 2023 national estimates for the leading causes of nonresidential building fire dollar loss show that there were:

  • $881,200,000 loss from other unintentional, careless fires.
  • $354,400,000 loss from electrical malfunction fires.
  • $349,100,000 loss from intentional fires.
  • $287,700,000 loss from other equipment fires.

Overall trends

Overall trends in the leading causes of fire dollar loss* for the 10-year period of 2014 to 2023 show the following:

  • Other unintentional, careless fires as the leading cause of nonresidential building fire dollar loss in 9 years out of the 10-year period.
  • A 51% increase in nonresidential other unintentionally or carelessly set fire dollar loss.
    A $38,000,000 Bartlett, Illinois, warehouse fire and an $81,000,000 manufacturing fire in Portage, Wisconsin, contributed to the 2022 and 2023 dollar-loss peaks, respectively.
  • A 1% decrease in nonresidential electrical malfunction fire dollar loss.
  • A 47% increase in nonresidential equipment malfunction fire dollar loss.
    A $26,465,000 San Francisco, California, building supply warehouse fire with several exposures and a $17,000,000 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, fire reported in a mercantile or business property contributed to the increase in nonresidential intentional fire dollar loss in 2020. A $53,000,000 reported construction site fire in Aurora, Colorado, contributed to the increase in fire dollar loss in 2023.
  • A 72% increase in nonresidential other equipment fire dollar loss.
    A $170,000,000 Earlimart, California, fire reported in a manufacturing property contributed to the 2021 dollar-loss peak.
  • A 19% increase in nonresidential equipment malfunction fire dollar loss. A $25,000,000 reported Carthage, Arkansas, manufacturing fire contributed to the 2022 dollar-loss peak.
  • A $67,800,000 reported Hoboken, New Jersey, manufacturing fire contributed to the 2021 nonresidential exposure fire dollar-loss peak.
* The overall constant dollar-loss trends take inflation into account by adjusting each year's dollar loss to its equivalent 2023 value.

Leading causes of nonresidential building fire dollar-loss (2014-2023)

Leading causes of nonresidential building fire dollar-loss (2014-2023)
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Other unintentional, careless 496.9 682.6 685.0 583.5 613.9 516.1 634.8 609.6 947.1 881.2
Electrical malfunction 379.4 500.9 374.3 536.7 453.1 489.5 501.4 564.3 389.9 354.4
Intentional 249.0 239.1 261.6 278.3 197.3 211.9 631.4 234.3 269.1 349.1
Other equipment 177.8 298.3 286.0 283.5 425.4 329.1 259.2 754.9 320.1 287.7
Equipment malfunction 254.2 257.8 197.2 288.6 288.4 306.8 304.0 238.7 428.3 188.8
Cause under investigation 262.3 217.9 375.6 245.4 138.0 281.5 194.8 304.8 241.7 187.6
Other Heat 292.6 215.7 236.8 209.4 189.8 209.4 178.3 179.7 216.6 158.7
Exposure 187.3 191.0 320.2 178.0 127.8 245.6 306.4 598.7 192.7 151.1
Natural 203.5 198.7 240.4 188.5 151.2 324.1 205.0 170.8 267.1 138.1

(in $millions)